Poetry is one of three genres of literature produced by writers of Indonesia. As with other literary works (prose and drama), the poem also contains the much needed meaning to human life, especially about the values or the norms of life, both individual life, social life, and life of the nation.
Based on these two subjects Poetry became compulsory subjects for students of English Studies Program UNIGAL. The ultimate goal of completion of this course is for students skilled read and writes poetry for the sake of themselves and teaching. English Studies Program students work as teacher subjects English Language and Literature at the junior / senior high school. Understanding and our skills to read and write poetry will assist us in carrying out duties as subject teachers of English Language and Literature professionals.
Literary work consists of 2 types, namely prose and poetry. Usually prose essay called free, while the poem is called bouquet tied. However, at present, the poet trying to escape from the strict rule was created to free verse.
In Indonesia there are 2 terms of literary poetry and rhymes. Poetry in English poetry and rhymes in poem. Poetry is a kind of literary, while the poem is an individual poem. Therefore, the second term is not mixed use.
Correspondence and periodicity is a formal form of a poem. Even the New Poet poetry still attached to the correspondence and periodicity. New poetry (modern) deviates understanding of poetry by a long sight. New poetry is not bound by formal forms, correspondence, and the periodicity of it. Therefore, a new poetry (modern) is called free or blank verse poetry.
Formal forms long poem is really a means to create a beautiful poem. Formal forms were still used by modern poetry, but not a bond, not a fixed pattern.
A new poem in fact bound as well, but is bound by its own nature, not bound by the patterns of formal form. The pattern of formal form is not the essence of poetry.
Alterbern (in Pradopo, 1987) says that poetry is drama experience that is the interpretation of the rhythmic language. There are three main elements in the poetry of thought / ideas / emotions, shapes, and impression. So poetry expresses the thoughts that evoke feelings, which stimulates the imagination of the senses in the rhythmic structure of language.
Poetry, like other literary works, is part of the social institutions that use the medium of language. The poem presents the 'life' and 'life' largely made up of social reality, although literary works are also 'mimic' the natural and the human subjective world. In this context, the poet gained recognition and appreciation of society and have mass even if only theoretically. Thus, understanding poetry cannot be separated from social and cultural backgrounds.
Literature reflects and expresses life. Poet, cannot but express their experiences and views on life. However, it is not true to say that the poet expresses life as a whole or the life of a certain age in a concrete and comprehensive. By saying that the author must express life fully represent the community and its time we had to impose a specific assessment criteria. If poetry is associated with benefits for society, a key point that needs to be known is to make us see what is there every day in front of us, and imagine what conceptually.
Poetry is a new fact that has meaning when given meaning by the reader. However, giving meaning may not be what you like, but based upon or within the framework of a system of signs. This meaning is the concretization of the original term which means "pengkonkretan" meaning of literary works. In addition, the poem is a complex structure that uses many tools poetical together to get the network effect as much as possible. Therefore, to understand poetry should be analyzed so that its elements will be found meaningful or that should be given meaning.
Interpret the poem requires knowledge and continuous training. Required knowledge of understanding of poems related to the intrinsic elements are interpreted and extrinsic poetry. Closest elements in the meaning of poetry include diction, or the use of words associated with denotative and connotative meanings.
Knowledge of the connotative meaning requires knowledge of the means of rhetoric that includes language or language style of allusion. In addition to all other knowledge is needed about something outside poetry but poetry that is associated with interpreted. In other words meaning poetry requires knowledge of the extrinsic elements of poetry, especially about the era he wrote the poem, about the life of the author, and author's point of view.
Systematically, the meaning of poetry is conducted through five steps. The first step of understanding of poetry is to read the poem as a whole. Second, determine the words that are considered difficult. Third, find the meaning of these words in the dictionary. Fourth, define the words / groups of words that connotative meaning or the use of speech / language allusion is most likely related to the replacement indirect expression meaning, the meaning of deviation, and deviation sense and find meaning / intent. Fifth, use of others knowledge (extrinsic elements) to associate these meanings, giving rise to the integrity of meaning. Sixth and final, write the contents into a prose poem that communicative.
Word reading and reading is formed from the same word that is read. Reading meaningful activity for its own sake is good to do without noise or with sound. Reading comes from the word that gets read prefix and suffix, meaningful activities carried out with a sound as intended for someone else.
Reading aims to understand the discourse of writing or a paper. Read aimed at delivering what is understood by the reader. Thus, to be able to read a work such as poetry, the reader must understand the first poem to be recited.
The most important thing to understand a work or a poem, the reader must understand the whole meaning of words contained in the poems he read, while to be able to properly read a poem, in addition to understanding the content of the poem the reader should also be able to express purpose contained in the poem.
Activities of literary readings in principle are an effort to understand and enjoy the work. Efforts to understand and enjoy literary works are not individual, but tend to be collective. That is, someone who did the reading of literary works (poetry, drama) involves the listener or viewer to be able to enjoy the work.
The reading of literary works, including poetry is an activity that is descriptive. That is, the sound of a voice says or does not appear arbitrarily, but must be able to explain the content of reading. Thus, a reader demanded to know and understand the purpose of which is contained in the works read.
Two things that must be mastered to be able to read poetry well, that is the mastery of linguistic factors and no languages. Mastery of linguistic factors, include pronunciation and intonation.
Pronunciation is an attempt to pronounce segmental elements, namely the sounds of language (phonemes), syllables, words, phrases, and sentences. Pronunciation in poetry must be adjusted with the spirit and theme of poetry. Intonation or suprasegmental elements in the reading of poetry include tone, rhythm, dynamics, and tempo. Mastery no languages factors, including (1) posture, (2) gestures and expression, (3) volume, and (4) fluency and accuracy.
The subject or teaching materials above can be mastered with ease if we can learn together or with the help of our teachers. In addition, do not be lazy or shy in practicing reading and writing poetry. Please use our imagination and creativity, both as to understand, read and write poetry.
Keep to learn and practice, we can success !
